关键词: 单颗粒气溶胶质谱, PM_2.5, 源谱, 含V颗粒, 船舶排放

Abstract: Single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) was used to analyze the source features of 3 typical ship emissions in Yantai. The results showed that particle classes emitted by marine diesel oil were mostly composed of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), while those emitted by heavy fuel oil contained larger number of metal-containing particles such as Fe, V, K and Na. V-containing particle classes accounted for the largest proportion in heavy fuel oil emission, and were mainly concentrated in the small particle size range of 0.5~1.1 μm, while the metal-containing particles such as Si, Fe, K, and Pb were mainly distributed in larger size range of 0.8~1.4 μm. Based on the results, the V-containing particles were used as ship-emission tracer to study the impact of ship emissions on the air quality of 5 typical sites in Yantai. The results revealed that the five sites were obviously affected by ship emissions especially in spring and summer. The two sites Parkson Mall and Wanrun Chemical were the closest to the port, and suffered the most from the ship emissions. Under specific conditions in spring and summer, the V-containing particles proportion could reach up to 40%. Based on the statistical data, the PM_2.5 emitted from inland and coastal ships in Yantai City were estimated to be 463.6 t in 2017, which was of the same order of magnitude as vehicle emission. Further attention should be paid to the impact of ship exhausts on local air quality.

Key words: single particle aerosol mass spectrometry, PM_2.5, source profile, V-containing particle, ship emission